ATIS merupakan singkatan dari Automatic Terminal Information Service, yaitu suatu layanan informasi terminal otomatis.
Di bandar udara, terdapat frekuensi radio tertentu yang dapat memancarkan informasi mengenai kondisi terkini bandar udara secara otomatis tanpa henti. Informasi yang diberikan pada umumnya berkaitan dengan cuaca yang diperbaharui paling tidak setiap 30 menit, kecuali terdapat perubahan cuaca signifikan. Pilot yang akan lepas landas maupun mendarat di suatu bandar udara, selalu mengakses informasi pada frekuensi ATIS tersebut.
Dalam Doc. 9694-AN/955, mengenai Manual of Air Traffic Services Data Link Applications, First Edition-1999, disebutkan secara rinci mengenai keuntungan, batasan antisipasi, dan faktor keterlibatan manusia di dalamnya; yaitu sebagai berikut:
EXPECTED BENEFITS,
ANTICIPATED CONSTRAINTS AND
ASSOCIATED HUMAN FACTORS
6.3 Benefits:
a) reduced flight crew workload: ATIS information does not need to be copied by the flight crew if the message is printed on a cockpit printer or is recallable on a data link display. Also, the flight crew does not have to divert attention from ATS operational channels to listen to the ATIS broadcast;
b) reduced ambiguity in the transmitted information: data link implementation eliminates potential mis- interpretation resulting from poor transmission quality; and
c) potential for increased accessibility to ATIS
information: flight crews should be able to request timely ATIS information from any aerodrome capable of providing data link information.
6.4 Anticipated constraints: reduced dialogue
flexibility in case of complex meteorological conditions.
6.5 Associated Human Factors:
a) error detection and correction mechanisms will be implemented to ensure message integrity. Technical and procedural mechanisms will be considered;
b) maximum use of data link will not impose undue competition for display or control resources. Systems should not preclude access to other functions or conflict with higher priority functions;c) when operating the data link system, there will not be any increase in head-down time that would adversely affect the safe operation of the aircraft. Aircraft system implementation will adhere to recognized Human Factors practices and design criteria; and
d) voice communication will be available to sup-
plement data link system operation.
Adapun untuk memperoleh informasi ATIS, pilot hanya perlu mendapatkan frekuensi ATIS.
Contoh informasi yang dipancarkan melalui frekuensi ATIS Bandar Udara Internasional Sam Ratulangi Manado di 126.4 MHz adalah sebagai berikut:
"This is Sam Ratulangi Manado Internasional Airport, Information Mike, weather report at 0830 UTC, runway in use 36, wind 340 degrees 12 knots, visibility 9 kilometers, cloud few 2 thousand feet, temperature 31, dewpoint 24, QNH 1011, QFE 1001, Nosig"
Informasi ATIS tersebut, saat ini masih diinput secara manual oleh petugas ATC Manado, setelah memperoleh Met Report dari petugas meteorologi melalui aeroview. Namun demikian, keberadaan ATIS tersebut sudah cukup mampu mengurangi beban kerja ATC, yang sebelum keberadaan ATIS tersebut mengharuskan ATC untuk memberikan informasi meteorologi secara manual (lisan).
Di bandar udara, terdapat frekuensi radio tertentu yang dapat memancarkan informasi mengenai kondisi terkini bandar udara secara otomatis tanpa henti. Informasi yang diberikan pada umumnya berkaitan dengan cuaca yang diperbaharui paling tidak setiap 30 menit, kecuali terdapat perubahan cuaca signifikan. Pilot yang akan lepas landas maupun mendarat di suatu bandar udara, selalu mengakses informasi pada frekuensi ATIS tersebut.
Dalam Doc. 9694-AN/955, mengenai Manual of Air Traffic Services Data Link Applications, First Edition-1999, disebutkan secara rinci mengenai keuntungan, batasan antisipasi, dan faktor keterlibatan manusia di dalamnya; yaitu sebagai berikut:
EXPECTED BENEFITS,
ANTICIPATED CONSTRAINTS AND
ASSOCIATED HUMAN FACTORS
6.3 Benefits:
a) reduced flight crew workload: ATIS information does not need to be copied by the flight crew if the message is printed on a cockpit printer or is recallable on a data link display. Also, the flight crew does not have to divert attention from ATS operational channels to listen to the ATIS broadcast;
b) reduced ambiguity in the transmitted information: data link implementation eliminates potential mis- interpretation resulting from poor transmission quality; and
c) potential for increased accessibility to ATIS
information: flight crews should be able to request timely ATIS information from any aerodrome capable of providing data link information.
6.4 Anticipated constraints: reduced dialogue
flexibility in case of complex meteorological conditions.
6.5 Associated Human Factors:
a) error detection and correction mechanisms will be implemented to ensure message integrity. Technical and procedural mechanisms will be considered;
b) maximum use of data link will not impose undue competition for display or control resources. Systems should not preclude access to other functions or conflict with higher priority functions;c) when operating the data link system, there will not be any increase in head-down time that would adversely affect the safe operation of the aircraft. Aircraft system implementation will adhere to recognized Human Factors practices and design criteria; and
d) voice communication will be available to sup-
plement data link system operation.
Gambar. Ruang Control APP Airnav Indonesia Cabang Pratama Manado
Adapun untuk memperoleh informasi ATIS, pilot hanya perlu mendapatkan frekuensi ATIS.
Contoh informasi yang dipancarkan melalui frekuensi ATIS Bandar Udara Internasional Sam Ratulangi Manado di 126.4 MHz adalah sebagai berikut:
"This is Sam Ratulangi Manado Internasional Airport, Information Mike, weather report at 0830 UTC, runway in use 36, wind 340 degrees 12 knots, visibility 9 kilometers, cloud few 2 thousand feet, temperature 31, dewpoint 24, QNH 1011, QFE 1001, Nosig"
Informasi ATIS tersebut, saat ini masih diinput secara manual oleh petugas ATC Manado, setelah memperoleh Met Report dari petugas meteorologi melalui aeroview. Namun demikian, keberadaan ATIS tersebut sudah cukup mampu mengurangi beban kerja ATC, yang sebelum keberadaan ATIS tersebut mengharuskan ATC untuk memberikan informasi meteorologi secara manual (lisan).
Komentar
Posting Komentar